Glossary



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acicular
needle-shaped

acuminate
tapering to a long point

alternate
leaves arranged alternately, coming from nodes on opposite sides of the stem, with one leaf per node

arcuate
with secondary veins bending toward the apex

aristate
with a spine-like tip

basal rosette
A circular arrangement of leaves growing out of the ground as if not having any stem. Often seen in many perennial perennial or biannual plants whose upper foliage dies back with the remaining vegetation protecting the plant. (see also )

bipinnate
but with the leaflets also pinnate

ciliate
with fine hairs

cordate
heart-shaped with the stem in the cleft of the heart (see also )

crenate
with rounded teeth

cross-venualte
with small veins connecting secondary veins

cuneate
wedge-shaped, acute at base

deltoid
triangular

dentate
with symmetrical teeth

denticulate
finely

dichotomous
having veins branching symmetrically in pairs

digitate
with finger-like lobes

doubly serrate
with sub-teeth

elliptic
oval-shaped, small or no point

entire
even and smooth throughout, with no lobes or teeth

even pinnate
ly compound leaf with leaflets in rows, ending with two leaves at the tip

falcate
hooked or sickle-shaped

flabellate
fan-shaped

hastate
triangular with basal lobes

lance-shaped
see

lanceolate
Long, pointed at both ends, wider in the middle (see for opposite)

linear
parallel margins, elongate

lobate
indented margins but not to midline

lobed
having deeply indented margins

longitudinal
veins aligned mostly along leaf axis

obcordate
Heart-shaped, stem attaches to tapering point (see for opposite)

oblanceolate
long, lance-shaped with the top wider than the bottom (see

obovate
egg-shaped, narrow at base (see for opposite)

obtuse
bluntly tipped

odd pinnate
ly compound leaf with leaflets in rows, ending with one leaf at the tip

opposite
growing in adjacent pairs, from the same node

orbicular
circular

ovate
egg-shaped, wide at base (see for opposite)

palmate
Hand-shaped. Regarding leaf margin: indicating lobes that create a hand shape. Regarding veins: with several primary veins diverging from a point to make a hand-like shape.

parallel
veins arranged axially and not intersecting

pedate
foot-shaped (not necessarily like a human foot)

peltate
stem attached centrally

perfoliate
stem seeming to pierce leafe

pinnate

 * regarding veins: with secondary veins, paired oppositely off a mid-rib
 * regarding compound leaves: with secondary leaves or leafstalks growing opposite off a main stalk

pinnatisect
deep, opposite lobing

reniform
kidney-shaped

reticulate
smaller veins forming a network

rhizome
A perennial underground stem usually growing horizontally and sending out roots and shoots from its nodes. An under-ground runner, sometimes called creeping rootstalks or merely rootstalks.

rhomboid
diamond-shaped

rosette
leaves in tight, circular rings (see also )

rotate
in leaves, with veins radiating

serrate
toothed with teeth pointing forward

serrulate
finely d

sinuate
with wave-like indentations

spatualte
spoon-shaped

spear-shaped
pointed, barbed at base

spiny
with sharp, stiff points

stolon
A slender, prostrate or trailing stem, producing roots and sometimes erect shoots at its nodes. An above-ground runner.

subulate
tapering point, awl-shaped

ternate
see

trifoliate
leaflets in threes

tripinnate
leaflets also

truncate
squared off at apex

undulate
widely wavy

unifoliate
having a single leaf

whorl
Three or more leaves or branches or pedicels arising from the same node